Introduction
The aftermath of a crime or traumatic event can have a profound impact on children. How they are informed about the event can either help them cope or contribute to long-term negative consequences. This article provides guidelines for law enforcement and caregivers on how to approach these conversations with children in a sensitive and developmentally appropriate manner.
Step One: Provide Trauma Notification in a Private Space
- Talk to the child alone in a quiet room.
- If possible, have a parent or close caregiver present.
- Avoid crowds of adults or older children who may overwhelm the child.
Ages 5-9: Begin to understand that all living things eventually die, and death is final.
Ages 9 into Adolescence: Understand death is irreversible and begin to grapple with their own mortality.
Step Two: Be Honest
- Explain death in terms of physical functions ceasing (e.g., “Your body has stopped working”).
- Avoid using euphemisms or vague language that may confuse the child.
Example: “Your sister, Melissa, has died. Her body has stopped working. She can’t run, walk, eat, sleep, or go to the bathroom anymore. She doesn’t feel any pain.”
Step Three: Delivery
- Use a soft-tone voice and age-appropriate language.
- Be prepared for a variety of emotional responses, which may be immediate or delayed.
- Consider the presence of siblings and their emotional states.
Step Four: Follow Up
- Be available to answer questions.
- Validate the child’s emotional response.
- Help the child develop coping mechanisms.
- Repeat details or the entire process, especially with younger children.
Bonus Tip: Limit or Avoid Social Media and News Coverage
- Excessive exposure to media coverage can retraumatize children.
- Encourage the child to focus on their own experiences and emotions.
Additional Factors to Consider
- Child’s Age: Brain development and coping mechanisms vary greatly with age. Adjust the conversation as needed.
- Cultural Considerations: Respect the child’s religious, cultural, and societal beliefs.
- Professional Counseling: In some cases, professional counseling may be recommended.
Resources for Law Enforcement
- The FBI has developed comprehensive training materials and a downloadable pamphlet on talking to children about trauma.
- The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) has published a report on the long-term effects of childhood trauma on victimization and criminality.
Data sourced from: foxnews.com
